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克汀病：（Cretinism）胚胎期缺乏碘引起的呆小症。
称呆小病。先天性甲状腺功能低下所致的矮小和痴呆。可分散发性和地方性： 1、 发性克汀病，为先天性甲状腺发育不全或某些酶缺陷使甲状腺激素合成不足，主要表现为智力和身体发育障碍、身体异常矮小、痴呆、反应迟钝、怕冷、活动少、常伴聋哑，基础代谢率低。 2、地方性克汀病，为母体缺碘引起的胎儿甲状腺发育不全，主要发生在甲状腺肿流行的缺碘地区。临床症状除有的患者较散发性患者病情较重外，尤其在智力低下、语言障碍等方面更为明显。地方性克汀病若及早进行投碘预防，则可起到积极的预防作用。 3、小儿胚胎4个月后，甲状腺已能合成甲状腺素。但是母亲缺碘，供给胎儿的碘不足，势必使胎儿期甲状腺素合成不足，严重影响胎儿中枢神经系统，尤其是大脑的发育。若不及时补充碘，将造成神经系统不可逆的损害。
Weigh slow-witted ailment. Congenital thyroid function is low of be caused by short and gawkish. Can send dispersedly gender and local: ① sends a gender to capture lowing affection, make for congenital thyroid depauperate or certain enzymatic blemish thyroid hormone synthesizes inadequacy, main show is intelligence and body development obstacle, body unusually short, gawkish, unresponsive, be afraid of cold, activity little, constant companion is deaf-mute, basal metabolis rate is low. ② captures lowing affection locally, the fetal thyroid gland that is short of iodine to cause for the mother's body is depauperate, basically happen in the area is short of iodine of strumous popularity. Clinical symptom divides some patients relatively send out sexual patient illness is more serious outside, wait for a respect in barrier of intellective and low, language especially more apparent. Disease of local Ke Ting is like as soon as possible to undertake casting iodic precaution, can have positive precautionary effect.
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