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微核试验：（Micronucleus Test）检测染色体或有丝分裂器损伤的一种遗传毒性试验方法。
一种染色体畸变分析法。骨髓细胞经诱突变物作用，如染色体发生畸变、特别是断裂后，于一定时间内可有部分断片残留，在间期细胞中形成一个或几个圆形或杏仁状结构，因其比普通细胞核要小，故称微核。典型的微核是单一的，呈圆形，直径相当于红细胞直径的1/20～1/5，染色与核质相同。骨髓象检查中，此种微核称为豪杰氏小体。正常情况下，骨髓多染红细胞中微核的检出率：小鼠为0.4％左右，大鼠为0.2％左右。如机体接触诱变物后，微核的检出率可显著增加。此法简便、快速，可作为诱突变物初筛的试验方法。
Distortion of a kind of chromosome analyses a way. Medullary cell classics guides choppy content action, if chromosome produces distortion, after rupturing especially, break a remain at there can is a share inside proper time, be in period one is formed in the cell or a few circles or almond shape structure, want than common nucleolus because of its small, friend says small nucleus. Typical small nucleus is onefold, show a circle, the diameter is equivalent to the 1/20 ～ 1/5 of diameter of red blood cell, coloring and karyoplasm are identical. In medullary elephant examination, this kind of small nucleus calls small system of hero family name. Below normal circumstance, the check of small nucleus in cell of medullary much incarnadine goes out rate: Small rat is 0.4 ％ left and right sides, bandicoot is 0.2 ％ left and right sides. If airframe contact is lured,change after content, the check of small nucleus goes out rate can increase significantly. This way is handy, quick, can regard the test that leads the sieve at the beginning of choppy content as the method.
第二信使（Secondary Messenger）简介：第二信使是指在胞内产生的非蛋白类小分子，通过其浓度变化应答胞外信号与细胞表面受体的结合，调节胞内酶的活性和非酶蛋白的活性，从而在细胞信号转导途径中行使携带和放大信号的功能。...
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关注 · 149酸价（Acid Value）简介：酸价是对化合物或混合物中游离羧酸基团数量的一个计量标准。...
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关注 · 162微核试验（Micronucleus Test）简介：检测染色体或有丝分裂器损伤的一种遗传毒性试验方法。...
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