氨苄西林氯唑西林

发布时间:2023-04-08 10:51:59

氨苄西林氯唑西林氨苄西林氯唑西林是一种抗生素,也被称为合谷素。它是合成两种药物:氨苄西林和氯唑西林。作为一种广谱抗生素,它可以用于多种细菌感染的治疗。

氨苄西林是一种静菌酚类抗生素,特别是对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌有很强的杀菌作用。氨苄西林对溶血性链球菌、肺炎链球菌和不产青霉素酶葡萄球菌具有较强的抗菌作用,而且与青霉素相仿或稍逊于青霉素。此外,氨苄西林对草绿色链球菌也有良好的抗菌作用,对肠球菌属和李斯德菌属的作用优于青霉素。氨苄西林钠对白喉棒状杆菌、炭疽芽孢杆菌、放线菌属、流感嗜血杆菌、百日咳鲍特杆菌和奈瑟菌等也有一定的杀菌作用。
氯唑西林是β-内酰胺类抗生素,对某些革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌的效果较好。它不仅对革兰氏阳性菌如金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、溶血性链球菌等有很强的杀菌作用,还可以对某些耐药的细菌产生良好的杀菌作用。
氨苄西林氯唑西林的制剂形式有瓶装注射剂(400mg:100mg或600mg:150mg),静脉注射剂(1.2g:0.3g)和口服片(750mg:250mg)。化学成分及药理作用的差异决定了这种抗生素能够治疗的病原体更广泛,具有更强的抗菌作用。
然而,即使这种抗生素广谱抗生素,也不能乱用。用药前必须经过医生诊断,并严格按照医生指示服药。同时,要注意防范这种抗生素的过敏反应。

Ampicillin is a static phenolic antibiotic with strong bactericidal effects, especially against Gram positive and negative bacteria. Ampicillin has a strong antibacterial effect on Streptococcus hemolyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus non penicillin producing, and is similar to or slightly inferior to penicillin. In addition, ampicillin also has a good antibacterial effect on grass green streptococcus, and its effect on Enterococcus and Listeria is better than penicillin. Ampicillin sodium also has certain bactericidal effect on Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis, Actinomyces, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis and Neisseria.